The methods and data of physical anthropology have been extensively used in the field of medicine, dentistry, gynecology, orthopedics, orthodontics, pediatrics, prosthetics, etc. The medical doctors require the knowledge of anthropometry for measuring the patients. A gynecologist should know the dimension of the pelvis of the expectant mother and the approximate circumstances of the head of the baby in the womb. Likewise, an orthopedic surgeon should have an idea about the measurement of the bones at the time of diagnosing the presence of a bone lesion. Different disease resistances of optimum temperature, humidity, etc., are understood by utilizing the results of study of the physical anthropologists.