Archaeology

World / Europe Archaeology

• Origin and scope of archaeological anthropology
• Relationship of Archaeological with other disciplines
• Methods of studying archaeological anthropology
• Interdisciplinary approaches about archaeological anthropology
  • Environmental Archaeology
  • Enthno-Archaeology
  • Experimental Archaeology
• Prehistoric Technology
• Prehistoric Tools
• Earliest Evidence of Culture in the World
  • Olduvai Gorge
  • Ubeidiya
  • Dmanisi
  • Attirampakkam
  • Isampur

1.8 a) Principles of Prehistoric Archaeology.

• Chronology
• Relative Dating methods
• Absolute Dating methods.

1.8 (b) Cultural Evolution- Broad Outlines of Prehistoric cultures:

Paleolithic

• Lower Palaeolithic Culture of Europe
• Tool Types and Techniques of Lower Palaeolithic Culture
• Middle Palaeolithic Culture of Europe
• Tool types and techniques of middle paleolithic cultures
• Upper Palaeolithic of Europe
• Tool types and techniques of upper Paleolithic culture
• Palaeolithic Art of Europe

Mesolithic

• Mesolithic Culture of Europe
• Tool types and techniques of Mesolithic culture
• Early Holocene Hunters and Gatherers – Mesolithic – Robert Jurmain reference book

Neolithic

• Neolithic Revolution
• Tool Types and Techniques of Neolithic Culture
• Environmental and Cultural approaches explaining why farming began
• Major Hypothesis of Farming begin
• Archaeological Evidences for plant or animal domestication
• Farming and domestication in various places
  • Old world [ The Near East , Northern Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa , Asia , South Asia , China , Europe ]
  • New World [ Mexico , South America , Southwestern United States , Eastern North America]
• Consequences of food production and population density on human health [2020 mains]

Copper-Bronze Age

• Why Did Civilizations Form – Environmental and cultural explanation
• Old World Civilizations [ Mesopotamia , Sumerians , Egypt , Indus , Northern China]
• New World Civilizations [Lowland Mesoamerica Olmec , Classic Maya , Highland Mexico , Peru ]

Extra Knowledge

• Cultural Evolutionary Revolution
• Nutritional Evolution
• Skeletal Analysis and Determination of Demographic Variables in Prehistoric Populations
• Skeletal Analysis and determination of Demographic Variables in Post Neolithic Population Growth

Previous Years Questions

Indian Archaeology

Cultural Evolution- Broad Outlines of Prehistoric cultures in India

• History and Development of Archaeological Anthropology in India

• Paleolithic
  • Lower paleolithic
  • Middle paleolithic
  • Upper Paleolithic
  • Paleolithic art
• Mesolithic
  • General characteristics
  • Regional Variation
  • Mesolithic art of India
• Neolithic
  • General characteristics
  • Regional Variation
• Chalcolithic
  • General characteristics
  • Regional Variation
• Indus Valley Civilization(Copper-Bronze Age)
  • Growth of Indus Valley Civilization
  • Theories of origin of Indus Valley Civilization
  • General features of Indus Valley Civilization
  • Urban Planning in Indus Valley Civilization
  • Trade and Commerce in IVC
  • Religion in IVC
  • Decline of IVC
  • Survival and continuity of IVC culture
• Iron Age
  • Iron Age in India
  • Megalithic Cultures
• Contributions of tribal cultures to Indian civilization.
• Previous Years Question

Important personalities in Indian Prehistory

• H. D Sankaliya
• Robert Bruce Foote

1.3 Ethno-archaeology in India:

• The concept of ethno-archaeology;
  • Survivals and Parallels among communities of
    • hunting
    • foraging
    • fishing
    • pastoral
    • peasant
    • arts and crafts
  • Previous Year Questions

Further Reading in Archaeology

• Food Production –
• Early Civilizations –
• Environmental Archaeology
• Ethnoarchaeology
• Issues of cultural evolution for an Archaeologist
• Introduction to Tools and Technology
• Function of tool types
• Olduvai Gorge

Lewis-Jurmain-Kilgore book simplified

• Early Holocene Hunters and Gatherers
• Food Production
• The First Civilizations
• Biocultural Evolution and the Anthropocene
• Biocultural Evolution and the Anthropocene – – Robert Jurmain reference book